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== Simple Sentences == == Sentences ==
The basic structure of a Soulhun sentence is Subject-Verb-Object, or SVO, as in ''loyn arrantim lheuxi'' "I create light". Sometimes sentences can be even simpler than this, the main way being that not every verb requires an object, in which case the sentence is only Subject-Verb, or SV, as in ''eysh vasjurrulnay'' "this grows". A much more uncommon method is to leave out the subject if it's clear what it should be from context, as in ''arrantim aeroth'' "I create fire", where ''loyn'' has been omitted because the verb ''arrantim'' already indicates the first person through the suffix ''-im'' (verb conjugation will be properly explained later in this article).

More complex sentences can be constructed in various ways from these simple ones. Firstly, ''modifiers'' can be added, which could be inflected forms of nouns (which will be explained below) such as ''aovrrelvun'' "with raw arcane energy" in ''loyn zrakkiim aovrrelvun'' "I strike with raw arcane energy", or they could be separate words called ''adverbs'', which are always modifiers, such as ''letrii'' "over there" in ''loyn rrosekkarim eysh letrii'' "I launch this over there". A second way is to join two sentences using a ''conjunction'' like ''le'' "and" or ''amn'', which doesn't easily translate into English but lets you explain the identity of a pronoun in the first sentence using the second. As an example of ''amn'', consider ''xern vasjekul qulimvu amn loyn arrantim lheuxi'' "the spell will echo via a mote, as I create light". Here, ''loyn arrantim lheuxi'' is used to elaborate on the pronoun ''xern'' "spell".
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Verbs in Soulhun ''conjugate'' by adding a suffix to reflect their subject, similarly to English, but unlike in English, where only "be" conjugates for all persons (I am, you are, he/she/it is) and all other verbs only have a distinct form for the third person singular (he/she/it), in Soulhun every verb inflects for all persons. So far, only a few suffices have shown up in classes, namely the first person singular ''-im'' (used with ''loyn'' "I") and the third person singular ''-(u)lnay'' (used with nouns and various other pronouns, such as ''eysh'' "this"). The ''(u)'' in ''-(u)lnay'' indicates that it is only sometimes present - that is, when the verb stem ends in a consonant, the ''u'' is present to make the word pronounceable, like in ''vonjerronulnay'' "becomes" from ''vonjerron-'', but when the verb stem ends in a vowel, the ''u'' is absent as it is not needed, as in ''szenilnay'' "shines" from ''szeni-''.

Verbs can also take suffices to indicate when the action occurs, like the "-ed" of English "shouted", which marks the past. At the moment, only ''-kul'' is known for Soulhun, which denotes the future perfect (tbc: copy Soren's explanation).

WIP

Sentences

The basic structure of a Soulhun sentence is Subject-Verb-Object, or SVO, as in loyn arrantim lheuxi "I create light". Sometimes sentences can be even simpler than this, the main way being that not every verb requires an object, in which case the sentence is only Subject-Verb, or SV, as in eysh vasjurrulnay "this grows". A much more uncommon method is to leave out the subject if it's clear what it should be from context, as in arrantim aeroth "I create fire", where loyn has been omitted because the verb arrantim already indicates the first person through the suffix -im (verb conjugation will be properly explained later in this article).

More complex sentences can be constructed in various ways from these simple ones. Firstly, modifiers can be added, which could be inflected forms of nouns (which will be explained below) such as aovrrelvun "with raw arcane energy" in loyn zrakkiim aovrrelvun "I strike with raw arcane energy", or they could be separate words called adverbs, which are always modifiers, such as letrii "over there" in loyn rrosekkarim eysh letrii "I launch this over there". A second way is to join two sentences using a conjunction like le "and" or amn, which doesn't easily translate into English but lets you explain the identity of a pronoun in the first sentence using the second. As an example of amn, consider xern vasjekul qulimvu amn loyn arrantim lheuxi "the spell will echo via a mote, as I create light". Here, loyn arrantim lheuxi is used to elaborate on the pronoun xern "spell".

Nouns

Cases and Declension

English only has three noun cases: Subjective (I/he), objective (me/him), and possessive (my/his). Soulhun has these as well as a few others. Cases encountered in class so far include the instrumentative and the formal case.

Instrumentative

Formal Case

Verbs

Verbs in Soulhun conjugate by adding a suffix to reflect their subject, similarly to English, but unlike in English, where only "be" conjugates for all persons (I am, you are, he/she/it is) and all other verbs only have a distinct form for the third person singular (he/she/it), in Soulhun every verb inflects for all persons. So far, only a few suffices have shown up in classes, namely the first person singular -im (used with loyn "I") and the third person singular -(u)lnay (used with nouns and various other pronouns, such as eysh "this"). The (u) in -(u)lnay indicates that it is only sometimes present - that is, when the verb stem ends in a consonant, the u is present to make the word pronounceable, like in vonjerronulnay "becomes" from vonjerron-, but when the verb stem ends in a vowel, the u is absent as it is not needed, as in szenilnay "shines" from szeni-.

Verbs can also take suffices to indicate when the action occurs, like the "-ed" of English "shouted", which marks the past. At the moment, only -kul is known for Soulhun, which denotes the future perfect (tbc: copy Soren's explanation).

Soulhun/Grammar (last edited 2018-06-01 19:40:02 by Kamare)